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Basic musical notation.
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So what do all the lines and symbols mean?
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So, let's look at,
this is what we're playing.
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[MUSIC]
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So these top set of
lines called staves and
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the spaces between them represent keys
to the right of middle C on your piano.
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They are often played
with your right hand.
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And the symbol on these lines
is called the treble clef.
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The bottom set of lines and
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the spaces between them represent
keys to the left of middle C.
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They are often played with your left hand.
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And that symbols called the bass clef.
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The two sets of lines are split at middle
C, which is indicated by a separate,
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small line either below the right-hand
lines or above the left-hand lines.
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So there's two ways you can look at it.
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And we read music in the same way that
we read the sentences of a novel,
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from the left of the page to the right.
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So getting back to our dots
on the lines and spaces.
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As we scan from left to right,
we play those keys, or notes,
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that the dots on the lines and
spaces represent.
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And if there are several dots,
notes, in the same vertical plane,
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we must play those keys simultaneously.
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So this is what we're playing here.
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So the left hand is playing an E note,
the right hand is playing an E, G and
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a B note together.
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So all that all has to
be played at one time.
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Then, you read from left to right,
so you go to the next one.
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So in the right hand that's that note,
and then that note.
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And then the right hand's
gonna play that note, and
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the left hand's going to play that note.
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So you're going to play those together.
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Let's look at it again.
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[MUSIC]
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Bars and beats.
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To make music easier to follow,
it's divided into segments called bars.
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Bars are divided into beats.
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The most commonly used rhythm
is four beats in each bar: one,
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two, three, four, one, two,
three, four and so on.
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So this is the symbol for one beat.
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It is a dot with a line
coming out from it.
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It's called a crotchet.
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So don't worry about that.
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Just remember the shape.
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So let's have a look.
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It's playing a G note,
and four beats per bar.
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One, two, three, four,
one, two, three, four.
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Now a beat with a hook on
it is called a half beat.
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The technical term is a quaver.
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Don't worry about that,
again, just it's a half beat.
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Just remember that little hook.
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Now you can play up to eight
half beats in each bar.
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And to make them easier to write out,
if there are two, three,
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or four in a row, they're grouped together
by joining the hooks of their tails.
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So eight half beats are written.
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So notice that half beats are counted
with the use of the word and or
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the symbol, the plus symbol.
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This means we don't have to start
counting out too many numbers.
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So let's count it.
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One and two and three and four, and
one and two and three and four and.
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So the previous two bars, four beats in
each bar, would be one, two, three, four.
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So these are half beats, so they're
one and two and three and four and.
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Notes can also be held for two beats.
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So let's look at that.
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One two, three four, one two, three four.
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And there is a symbol for two beats.
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So it's like a letter O with
a line coming up from it.
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It's called a minim or half note.
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Notes can be held for four beats.
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So, one, two, three, four,
one, two, three, four.
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And the symbol for
that is just like a zero.
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It's called a semi breve or a whole note.
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Don't worry about these technical terms,
just memorize the symbol.
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Periods of silence.
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So, you're not always going to be
playing something in every single bar,
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there's going to be some pauses,
some silence.
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And they're shown by
symbols called rests and
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they'll each have a different duration.
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So, let's have a look.
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One, two, three, four.
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On that fourth beat there was nothing
played, that's a one beat rest.
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Next bar, one, two, three, four.
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So, that little line above
the middle line is a two beat rest.
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Let's have a look at the next one: one and
two and three and four and.
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So, that period of rest
there was a half beat rest.
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That's that little squiggle.
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And a four beat rest is the little
line underneath the fourth line up.
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Okay?
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Nothing's played in that bar.
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So, it's just one, two, three, four.
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And that's it.
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So, really, this is all the musical
notation you're going to need for
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books one to seven.
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You will learn some more in book eight.
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But, books one to seven, I'm gonna
write in each note and chord for you.
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So, you're really just using the notation
as if it was keyboard diagrams.
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It can be also useful to memorize the
position of the C notes so that you know,
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where on the piano a particular
note is to be played.
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So, even if I do write in it's
an A note or a G note or a B note, you
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may not know where exactly on the piano
that particular note is to be played.
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So, if you remember
the position of these C notes,
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you'll know where you are on the keyboard.
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And if you need to, you can refer to
the note finder on the next page.